Cartilha orientativa para pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus atendidas na atenção primária à saúde do município de Balneário Gaivota
Data
Autores
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
A Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) desempenha papel fundamental no acompanhamento das Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT), especialmente do Diabetes Mellitus (DM), condição que demanda acompanhamento contínuo, educação em saúde e estímulo ao autocuidado. No município de Balneário Gaivota, Santa Catarina, 11% dos indivíduos cadastrados no sistema municipal de saúde possuem diagnóstico de DM, sendo aproximadamente 70% deles com 60 anos ou mais. Associado a esse cenário, observa-se demanda pelo serviço de nutrição e tempo de espera prolongado para atendimento, evidenciando a necessidade de ampliar o acesso dos usuários a informações qualificadas sobre alimentação e cuidados relacionados ao diabetes. Diante disso, este estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver e validar uma cartilha educativa sobre alimentação e autocuidado para pessoas com DM no contexto da APS. Trata-se de um estudo metodológico para desenvolvimento e validação de tecnologia educativa, tendo como público-alvo pessoas com DM atendidas na APS de Balneário Gaivota e profissionais da APS, com destaque para os ACS, para os quais a cartilha poderá constituir uma ferramenta de apoio às ações educativas e de promoção da saúde. A cartilha foi desenvolvida a partir de diagnóstico situacional, revisão da literatura científica e de documentos técnicos do Ministério da Saúde, utilizando linguagem acessível, organização didática e recursos visuais. O material aborda conteúdos relacionados ao DM, hipoglicemia e hiperglicemia, complicações, alimentação adequada e saudável, macronutrientes, alimentação e diabetes, rotulagem nutricional, crononutrição, mitos e verdades e receitas. A validação constituiu a principal etapa de avaliação do produto e foi realizada por meio do instrumento Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM), com participação de 14 avaliadores, entre nutricionistas, médicos, enfermeiros, ACS, representantes da coordenação municipal de saúde e usuário do Sistema Único de Saúde. A cartilha apresentou pontuação média de 41,3 e percentual de adequação de 93,9%, sendo classificada como adequada. Os maiores percentuais de adequação foram observados nos itens relacionados à abordagem do conteúdo sobre DM, à organização por tópicos e à clareza das ilustrações. Os menores escores corresponderam ao nível de leitura e ao uso de vocabulário comum, resultando na revisão da linguagem do material. As sugestões qualitativas também contribuíram para a reorganização de informações, a inclusão de exemplos práticos, a ampliação de conteúdos sobre fibras alimentares, índice glicêmico, carga glicêmica e composição do prato, além de ajustes na apresentação visual. Após a validação, foi realizada capacitação de 20 dos 27 ACS do município para utilização e distribuição da cartilha aos usuários com DM. Conclui-se que a cartilha apresentou elevado percentual de adequação na validação, constituindo uma tecnologia educativa fundamentada em evidências e adaptada às necessidades identificadas no contexto local. O produto apresenta potencial para contribuir com a APS ao ampliar o acesso a informações qualificadas, apoiar as ações de educação em saúde e o trabalho dos ACS e favorecer a comunicação entre profissionais e usuários no cuidado às pessoas com DM, especialmente nos períodos entre consultas e durante a espera pelo atendimento nutricional.
Primary Health Care (PHC) plays a fundamental role in the management of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), particularly Diabetes Mellitus (DM), a condition requiring continuous monitoring, health education, and the encouragement of self-care. In the municipality of Balneário Gaivota, Santa Catarina, 11% of individuals registered in the municipal health system have a diagnosis of DM, with approximately 70% of them aged 60 or older. In addition to this context, there is a demand for nutrition services and long waiting times for appointments, highlighting the need to expand users’ access to qualified information on nutrition and diabetes-related care. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate an educational booklet on nutrition and self-care for people with DM in the context of PHC. This is a methodological study for the development and validation of an educational technology. The target audience comprises people with DM receiving care through PHC in Balneário Gaivota and PHC professionals, specifically Community Health Agents (CHAs), for whom the booklet could serve as a support tool for educational and health promotion activities. The booklet was developed based on a situational diagnosis, a review of scientific literature, and technical documents from the Brazilian Ministry of Health, employing accessible language, a didactic structure, and visual resources. The material addresses topics related to DM, hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, complications, healthy and adequate eating, macronutrients, nutrition and diabetes, nutrition labeling, chrononutrition, common myths and facts, and recipes. Validation constituted the main stage of product evaluation and was conducted using the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) instrument, with the participation of 14 evaluators, including nutritionists, physicians, nurses, CHAs, representatives of the municipal health administration, and a user of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). The booklet obtained a mean score of 41.3 and an overall adequacy percentage of 93.9%, resulting in a classification of "adequate". The highest adequacy percentages were observed in items related to the content addressing DM, organization by topics, and clarity of illustrations. The lowest scores corresponded to reading level and the use of accessible vocabulary, resulting in a revision of the language used in the material. Qualitative suggestions also contributed to reorganizing information, including practical examples, expanding content on dietary fiber, glycemic index, glycemic load, and plate composition, as well as adjustments to the visual presentation. Following validation, training was conducted for 20 of the municipality's 27 CHAs on the use and distribution of the booklet to users with DM. It is concluded that the booklet demonstrated a high rate of adequacy in the validation process, constituting an evidence-based educational technology adapted to the needs identified in the local context. The product has the potential to contribute to PHC by expanding access to qualified information, supporting health education initiatives and the work of CHAs, and facilitating communication between health professionals and users in the care of people with DM, particularly during the intervals between appointments and while awaiting nutritional care.
Primary Health Care (PHC) plays a fundamental role in the management of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), particularly Diabetes Mellitus (DM), a condition requiring continuous monitoring, health education, and the encouragement of self-care. In the municipality of Balneário Gaivota, Santa Catarina, 11% of individuals registered in the municipal health system have a diagnosis of DM, with approximately 70% of them aged 60 or older. In addition to this context, there is a demand for nutrition services and long waiting times for appointments, highlighting the need to expand users’ access to qualified information on nutrition and diabetes-related care. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate an educational booklet on nutrition and self-care for people with DM in the context of PHC. This is a methodological study for the development and validation of an educational technology. The target audience comprises people with DM receiving care through PHC in Balneário Gaivota and PHC professionals, specifically Community Health Agents (CHAs), for whom the booklet could serve as a support tool for educational and health promotion activities. The booklet was developed based on a situational diagnosis, a review of scientific literature, and technical documents from the Brazilian Ministry of Health, employing accessible language, a didactic structure, and visual resources. The material addresses topics related to DM, hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, complications, healthy and adequate eating, macronutrients, nutrition and diabetes, nutrition labeling, chrononutrition, common myths and facts, and recipes. Validation constituted the main stage of product evaluation and was conducted using the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) instrument, with the participation of 14 evaluators, including nutritionists, physicians, nurses, CHAs, representatives of the municipal health administration, and a user of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). The booklet obtained a mean score of 41.3 and an overall adequacy percentage of 93.9%, resulting in a classification of "adequate". The highest adequacy percentages were observed in items related to the content addressing DM, organization by topics, and clarity of illustrations. The lowest scores corresponded to reading level and the use of accessible vocabulary, resulting in a revision of the language used in the material. Qualitative suggestions also contributed to reorganizing information, including practical examples, expanding content on dietary fiber, glycemic index, glycemic load, and plate composition, as well as adjustments to the visual presentation. Following validation, training was conducted for 20 of the municipality's 27 CHAs on the use and distribution of the booklet to users with DM. It is concluded that the booklet demonstrated a high rate of adequacy in the validation process, constituting an evidence-based educational technology adapted to the needs identified in the local context. The product has the potential to contribute to PHC by expanding access to qualified information, supporting health education initiatives and the work of CHAs, and facilitating communication between health professionals and users in the care of people with DM, particularly during the intervals between appointments and while awaiting nutritional care.
Descrição
Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva (Mestrado Profissional), da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense - UNESC, como requisito para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Saúde Coletiva.
Orientador
Coorientador
Organizador
Coordenador
Citação
EMERIM, Camila Cardoso. Cartilha orientativa para pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus atendidas na Atenção Primária à Saúde do município de Balneário. 2026. Dissertação (Mestrado em Saúde Coletiva) – Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, 2026.